ag5 =COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"P")+COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"P/2")/2+COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"L")+COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"L/2")

ah5 =IF(OR(E5="P",E5="p/2",G5="p",G5="p/2"),1,0)+IF(OR(L5="P",L5="p/2",N5="p/2",N5="P"),1,0)

+IF(OR(N5="P",N5="p/2",R5="p/2",R5="P"),3,0)+IF(OR(S5="P",S5="p/2",U5="p/2",U5="P"),1,0)

+IF(OR(Z5="P",Z5="p/2",AB5="p/2",AB5="P"),1,0)

ai5 =AG5+AH5

ak5 =AJ5/30*AI5

AL(Total Leave)  =COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"L")+COUNTIF(C5:AF5,"L/2")/2

Note

1. here we can use P (Present), P/2 (half Duty), L (Leave), L/2 (half Duty & half leave),  A (Apsent), LW (Leave without Pay)

2. hide formula select cell, ctrl+1, Protection, Check Hidden

3. were we want edit go to Tool, Protection, allow uses to edit ranges

4.Protect sheet go to tool, Protection, Protect sheet

5.Leave Rule

Thanks Shailendra Kumar Singh

Sure we can win...